Use of ELD – Training for Drivers
For drivers who now need to utilize electronic logging devices (ELDs), understanding the proper usage of an ELD may become a pertinent inquiry. This section is dedicated to addressing precisely that question for drivers, outlining the functioning of ELDs and providing guidance on the installation process.
Use of ELDs
Commercial drivers should be aware that when using Electronic Logging Devices (ELDs), they must maintain a single account with a motor carrier, featuring a unique identification number and password.
Crucially, owner-operators need to understand the necessity of having distinct accounts—one for their role as a driver and another for administrative tasks, such as user account creation.
Here are essential tips for effectively utilizing ELDs:
- Upon logging into the ELD using their unique identification number, drivers must review any unidentified trips. They should either claim trips attributable to them or reject events that are not theirs. Carriers should provide annotations for any unclaimed events to clarify why they remain unidentified.
- During non-driving duty periods, drivers should indicate an off-duty status or make edits and annotations to their logs later on. While it is not recommended to delay annotating logs, real-time entries are generally more accurate and reliable.
- For drivers in sleeper berth hours, they should display a sleeper berth status or, if necessary, edit and annotate their ELD records later. Similar to off-duty statuses, making edits and annotations later should only be done if a driver is unable to apply a sleeper berth status in real time for a specific reason.
More information about ELD duty statuses
We've discussed several duty statuses utilized by your ELD to generate your driver log. Here's a brief overview of all four duty statuses outlined by the FMCSA:
- Driving: The ELD automatically transitions to the driving status when the vehicle is in motion at a minimum speed of five miles per hour.
- On Duty Not Driving: Once the vehicle remains stationary for five consecutive minutes, the status changes to "On Duty Not Driving." Before this transition, the ELD prompts the driver to confirm the current status. If there's no response within one minute, the status automatically switches.
- Off Duty: Drivers are responsible for indicating periods of off-duty status.
- Sleeper Berth: Similarly, drivers are responsible for indicating sleeper berth periods when they occur.
For more details on using ELDs, refer to the FMCSA's guidance.
Work of ELDs
ELDs function by automatically recording on-duty hours for commercial drivers, providing a more accurate and efficient management of their Hours of Service (HOS). This eliminates much of the manual work that was previously necessary before the introduction of ELDs. The use of ELDs by commercial drivers is contingent upon approval by the FMCSA, and their approved capabilities include:
- Automated recording of driving time and location
- Transfer of essential electronic data
- Tamper-proof functionalities
- Certification of driver records
- Audio control
- Provision for security officials to access on-demand reporting
ELD installation
Upon acquiring an ELD system, drivers must initiate the installation process. While specific instructions may vary among different ELDs, the general process can typically be completed through a few straightforward steps outlined below.
Locate the diagnostic port: With the engine turned off, identify the diagnostic port in your vehicle. Common locations for the diagnostic port include the left side of the dash, under the steering wheel, near the driver’s left kick panel, below the driver’s seat, to the left or right of the pedals, above the footrest, near the clutch pedal, handbrake, or above the handbrake.
Connect the cable: Attach the 9-pin, 6-pin, or OBDII cable to the diagnostic port. For ELD systems using an OBDII connector, align the device connector precisely with the diagnostic port and ensure a secure connection by pressing firmly.
Position the ELD: Once the diagnostic port is connected, choose an appropriate location for the vehicle gateway. Ensure that the selected spot:
- Doesn't obstruct the vehicle pedals or impede safe vehicle operation
- Doesn't hinder the driver's visibility
- Isn't beneath a metal surface
- Provides proper ventilation